In the Makran region of Pakistan, there is growing concern over the possibility of a tsunami threat if a seismic event with a magnitude exceeding 6.5 were to occur in the submarine subduction zone. Here, we explore the implications and preparations for this potential natural disaster.
Understanding the Term “Tsunami”
The term “tsunami” originates from the Japanese language and is used to describe the perilous waves generated when earthquakes beneath the sea floor lead to significant underwater disturbances.
The Active Subduction Zone in Makran
Situated 50 to 100 kilometers off the coast of Makran lies an active subduction zone that has experts on high alert. The region is known for its geological activity and has seen seismic events of alarming intensity. The most notable of these occurred in 1945, leaving a lasting impact and indicating that the threat is very real.
When Could This Tsunami Threat Materialize?
Predicting when a tsunami may strike is challenging, but it is essential to be prepared for the potential aftermath. In the event of an earthquake triggering a tsunami, coastal cities and neighboring countries would have only 12 to 15 minutes to take protective measures. To mitigate these risks and strengthen the overall preparedness, the Inter-Governmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System conducts tsunami exercises twice a year.
Karachi’s National Tsunami Warning Center Takes Action
The recent drilling conducted at Karachi’s National Tsunami Warning Center underscores the seriousness of the situation. Director of the Tsunami Warning Center, Amir Hyder, emphasized that the subduction zone near the Makran Sea is active and poses a real threat to nearby areas. Cities such as Gwadar, Pasni, and Ormara could be severely affected due to their proximity.
Amir Hyder pointed out that markers indicating the impact of a tsunami, around 2 to 3 meters high, can still be found on Karachi’s historic Light House, serving as a reminder of past encounters with tsunami waves.
Response Time for Impacted Areas
In a tsunami scenario, Karachi could have a response time of 60 to 87 minutes, while Gwadar and Pasni would have 13 minutes to prepare. Tariq Ibrahim, a seismologist at the National Tsunami Center, expressed concerns for the vulnerable populations living in these coastal regions. Efforts are underway to ensure timely information reaches these communities, allowing them to move to safer, elevated locations.
Government Preparedness and Communication
The National Tsunami Center has taken multiple measures to enhance preparedness in coastal regions. In addition to sirens, SMS alerts, and emails, government agencies have been actively engaged in maintaining communication and sharing information with residents.
The potential tsunami threat in Makran is a stark reminder of the need for vigilance and readiness in the face of natural disasters. While the exact timing remains uncertain, the proactive approach of authorities and public awareness initiatives can significantly reduce the potential risks to Pakistan’s coastal areas.